DrawdownExplorer

The world’s ultimate climate solutions platform

We know what we need to do: stop climate change as quickly as possible. Now, with the Drawdown Explorer, we know how to do it, too.

Building upon thousands of hours of analysis by scientific experts from around the world, the Drawdown Explorer provides detailed information on the many technologies and practices proven or proposed to effectively reduce greenhouse warming pollution in the atmosphere.

The Drawdown Explorer analyzes solutions in four categories:

  • Highly Recommended: solutions that meet all of Project Drawdown’s criteria for global climate solutions
  • Worthwhile: solutions that can still help mitigate climate change but do not meet the scale to be considered a major climate solution
  • Keep Watching: solutions that have potential but are not yet available in the real world – or the technology still lacks clear effectiveness, evidence, or a reasonable cost – and are not yet ready to be deployed
  • Not Recommended: solutions that, at the end of the day, we do not recommend as a climate solution, either because they are not scientifically plausible or they present a high level of risk.

Browse the full complement of Drawdown Explorer solutions below, or filter by criteria of your choice using dropdowns or the table format. Then click through to individual solutions to get a close-up view of current and potential impact – including, for recommended solutions, the optimal timing, cost, additional benefits,  interactive maps showing where action can have the greatest impact, and specific advice for how you, whatever your role, can best put the solution to work. 

From Science to Solutions  

The climate crisis is urgent, so it’s critical that the solutions are fast-acting and effective.

Drawdown Explorer identifies and characterizes the most effective climate solutions that can address climate change on a meaningful scale today. It also provides valuable insights into proposed solutions that are not viable, not impactful enough, or not yet ready for prime time.

See A Primer on Science-Based Climate Solutions to learn more about the science behind our next-generation guide to meaningful climate action.

Last updated September 22, 2025

Browse Solutions

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Deploy Clean Cooking
Family cooking on a clean stove indoors
Highly Recommended
Deploy Alternative Insulation Materials
Worker sprays insulation in building frame.
Highly Recommended
Deploy Alternative Refrigerants
Supermarket refrigerator
Highly Recommended
Use Heat Pumps
Heat pumps
Highly Recommended
Improve Windows & Glass
Building with many windows
Highly Recommended
Deploy Distributed Solar PV
Solar panels on house roof
Highly Recommended
Deploy LED Lighting
Office building exterior showing many floors of indoor lit offices
Highly Recommended
Deploy Offshore Wind Turbines
Offshore wind turbines
Highly Recommended
Deploy Onshore Wind Turbines
Onshore wind turbines
Highly Recommended
Deploy Utility-Scale Solar PV
Utility-scale solar photovoltaic array
Highly Recommended
Improve Cement Production: Alternative fuels
Materials pile at cement manufacturing facility
Highly Recommended
Improve Cement Production: Clinker substitution
Cement factory
Highly Recommended
Improve Cement Production: Efficiency upgrades
Cement manufacturing facility
Highly Recommended
Increase Centralized Composting
Centralized composting facility
Highly Recommended
Deploy Industrial Green Hydrogen
Industrial Green Hydrogen Feedstock
Highly Recommended
Improve Landfill Management: Biocovers
Landfill with biocover
Highly Recommended
Improve Landfill Management: Methane capture
Methane tap valve from a landfill
Highly Recommended
Increase Recycling: Glass
Glass bottles
Worthwhile
Increase Recycling: Metals
Metal items
Highly Recommended
Increase Recycling: Paper and Cardboard
Bundled paper and cardboard
Highly Recommended
Increase Recycling: Plastics
Crushed plastic bottles
Highly Recommended
Increase Carpooling
Carpool lane sign
Highly Recommended
Mobilize Electric Bicycles: Private electric bicycles
Parent riding electric bicycle with children seated in back carrier
Highly Recommended
Mobilize Electric Bicycles: Shared electric bicycles
Rack of electric bicycles as part of a bike sharing service
Worthwhile
Mobilize Electric Cars
Electric car plugged into charging station
Highly Recommended
Mobilize Hybrid Cars
Start button on a hybrid vehicle
Highly Recommended
Improve Nonmotorized Transportation
Many people in a crosswalk viewed from above
Highly Recommended
Enhance Public Transit
Train with city in the distance
Highly Recommended
Manage Coal Mine Methane
Worker in a coal mine
Highly Recommended
Manage Oil & Gas Methane
Oil wells and flame coming from flare stack
Highly Recommended
Improve Diets
Plates of food
Highly Recommended
Reduce Food Loss & Waste
Apples in crates with worker on tablet
Highly Recommended
Improve Nutrient Management
Farm equipment applying fertilizer selectively
Highly Recommended
Improve Rice Production
Rice field
Highly Recommended
Improve Annual Cropping
Crops in a field
Highly Recommended
Protect Coastal Wetlands: Mangrove ecosystems
Mangroves with roots underwater
Highly Recommended
Protect Coastal Wetlands: Salt marsh ecosystems
Birds flying over wetland
Worthwhile
Protect Coastal Wetlands: Seagrass ecosystems
Seagrasses
Highly Recommended
Protect Forests: Boreal
Boreal forest
Highly Recommended
Protect Forests: Subtropical
Subtropical forest
Highly Recommended
Protect Forests: Temperate
Temperate forest
Highly Recommended
Protect Forests: Tropical
Tropical forests
Highly Recommended
Protect Grasslands & Savannas: Boreal
Boreal grassland
Highly Recommended
Protect Grasslands & Savannas: Subtropical
Subtropical grassland
Highly Recommended
Protect Grasslands & Savannas: Temperate
Temperate grassland
Highly Recommended
Protect Grasslands & Savannas: Tropical
Tropical grassland
Highly Recommended
Protect Peatlands: Boreal
boreal peatland
Highly Recommended
Protect Peatlands: Subtropical
Subtropical peatland
Highly Recommended
Protect Peatlands: Temperate
temperate peatland
Highly Recommended
Protect Peatlands: Tropical
Tropical peatland
Highly Recommended
Protect Seaweed Ecosystems
Seaweed
Highly Recommended
Restore Forests: Boreal
person planting trees
Highly Recommended
Restore Forests: Subtropical
Tree seedlings
Highly Recommended
Restore Forests: Temperate
Person planting a tree
Highly Recommended
Restore Forests: Tropical
Tree saplings awaiting planting
Highly Recommended
Deploy Silvopasture
Cows grazing among trees
Highly Recommended
Boost Appliance & Equipment Efficiency
Washing machines on conveyer belts in a factory
Worthwhile
Deploy Green Roofs
Roof with vegetation
Worthwhile
Use Low-Flow Fixtures
Water streaming from shower head
Worthwhile
Deploy Cool Roofs
An image of a white house with a cool roof
Worthwhile
Improve Fishing Vessel Efficiency
An image of the stern of a fishing boat
Worthwhile
Improve Aquaculture
An image of an aquaculture facility
Worthwhile
Deploy Electric Irrigation Pumps
An image of a sprinkler system watering a field of crops
Worthwhile
Improve Manure Management
An image of a manure pit in an agricultural field
Worthwhile
Reduce Overfishing
An image of a fishing boat at sea
Worthwhile
Protect Seafloors
An image of a seafloor featuring two pinkish-orange anemones
Worthwhile
Restore Grasslands & Savannas
Grassland restoration area sign
Worthwhile
Restore Mangrove Ecosystems
People planting mangroves
Worthwhile
Restore Salt Marsh Ecosystems
Salt marsh ecosystem
Worthwhile
Restore Seagrass Ecosystems
Photo of a diver planting seagrass
Worthwhile
Restore Seaweed Ecosystems
An image of seaweed drifting in the ocean
Worthwhile
Deploy Advanced Geothermal Energy
An image of an enhanced geothermal energy facility
Keep Watching
Deploy District Cooling
A large district cooling facility
Keep Watching
Deploy Micro Wind Turbines
Micro wind turbine on hillside
Keep Watching
Deploy Nuclear Fusion
A graphic showing the inside of a nuclear fusion reactor
Keep Watching
Deploy Small Modular Nuclear Reactors
Exterior of a small modular nuclear facility
Keep Watching
Improve District Heating: Industry
A district heating facility
Keep Watching
Deploy Methane Digesters
Methane digesters
Keep Watching
Deploy Plastic Alternatives / Bioplastics
Colorful smoothies in plastic cups with label 100% biodegradable
Keep Watching
Improve Steel Production
An image of rolls of steel sheets
Keep Watching
Reduce Airplane Contrails
An image of an airplane with contrails
Keep Watching
Mobilize Green Hydrogen for Aviation and Trucking
A graphic of a clear bubble in the form of a molecule with a green background
Keep Watching
Deploy Sustainable Aviation Fuel
Airline jet engine
Keep Watching
Advance Cultivated Meat
Fried chicken sandwich
Keep Watching
Use Feed Additives
Cow at feeding station
Keep Watching
Improve Irrigation Water Use Efficiency
Irrigation efficiency
Keep Watching
Improve Ruminant Breeding
Rancher holding a tablet device walks among grazing cattle
Keep Watching
Deploy Seaweed Farming for Food
An image of chopsticks picking up seaweed from a small bowl
Keep Watching
Deploy Alternative Grazing
Person on horseback facing a herd of cattle
Keep Watching
Deploy Enhanced Rock Weathering
Boreal grassland
Keep Watching
Reduce Grazing Intensity
Cattle grazing in the Amazon rainforest in Brazil
Keep Watching
Restore Large Herbivores
Bison grazing
Keep Watching
Deploy Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement
An image of the frothy crest of a wave
Keep Watching
Deploy Ocean Electrochemistry
An image of the ocean
Keep Watching
Use Carbon Capture & Storage on Fossil Fuel Power Plants
Power plant emissions
Not Recommended
Deploy Waste to Energy
An image of pallets of waste in front of a waste to energy facility
Not Recommended
Produce Blue Hydrogen
An image of a large, metal hydrogen storage tank that says 'H2 Hydrogen' on the side
Not Recommended
Use Corn Ethanol
An image of corn next to a beaker filled with corn-based ethanol
Not Recommended
Deploy Grass-Finished Beef
Grass-fed beef in package
Not Recommended
Deploy Insect Farming for Food and Feed
An image of grubs being reared for consumption
Not Recommended
Deploy Vertical Farms
An image of a vertical farm featuring rows of vegetables
Not Recommended
Deploy Artificial Upwelling
An image of bubbles rising in a water column
Not Recommended
Expand Livestock Grazing
Cow grazing near cliff
Not Recommended
Deploy Ocean Biomass Sinking
An image of kelp suspended in the water column
Not Recommended
Deploy Ocean Fertilization
An aerial view of the Earth with colorful plankton blooms in the ocean off the coast of a landmass
Not Recommended
Deploy Direct Air Capture
An image of large fans used for direct air capture of carbon dioxide
Not Recommended
Deploy Stratospheric Aerosol Injection
An image of the upper atmosphere
Not Recommended
Improve Refrigerant Management
Coming Soon
Increase Urban Trees
Coming Soon
Improve Building Envelopes
Coming Soon
Automate Building Systems
Coming Soon
Improve District Heating: Buildings
Coming Soon
Deploy Agrivoltaics
Coming Soon
Deploy Concentrated Solar
Coming Soon
Deploy Geothermal Power
Coming Soon
Improve Grid Efficiency
Coming Soon
Deploy Nuclear Power
Coming Soon
Boost Industrial Efficiency
Coming Soon
Increase Industrial Electrification
Coming Soon
Deploy Low-Emission Industrial Feedstocks
Coming Soon
Improve Other Building Materials
Coming Soon
Improve Aviation Efficiency
Coming Soon
Mobilize Electric Buses
Coming Soon
Mobilize Electric Scooters & Motorcycles
Coming Soon
Mobilize Electric Trains
Coming Soon
Mobilize Electric Trucks
Coming Soon
Enhance High-Speed Rail
Coming Soon
Improve Ocean Shipping Efficiency
Coming Soon
Improve Supply Chain Efficiency
Coming Soon
Improve Truck Efficiency
Coming Soon
Hold Virtual Meetings
Coming Soon
Reduce Crop Residue Burning
Coming Soon
Improve Forest Management: Integrated Fire Management
Coming Soon
Improve Forest Management: Sustainable Forest Management
Coming Soon
Restore Abandoned Farmland
Coming Soon
Deploy Agroforestry: Multi-strata
Coming Soon
Deploy Agroforestry: Trees on Cropland
Coming Soon
Deploy Biomass Crops on Degraded Land
Coming Soon
Restore Peatlands: Boreal
Coming Soon
Restore Peatlands: Subtropical
Coming Soon
Restore Peatlands: Temperate
Coming Soon
Restore Peatlands: Tropical
Coming Soon
Deploy Perennial Crops
Coming Soon
Produce Biochar
Coming Soon
Deploy Electric Cooking Equipment
Coming Soon
Deploy Heat Pump Water Heaters
Coming Soon
Deploy Solar Hot Water Heaters
Coming Soon
Increase Building Deconstruction & Recycling
Coming Soon
Deploy Electric Cooking Equipment
Coming Soon
Deplouy Heat Pump Water Heaters
Coming Soon
Deploy Ocean Power
Coming Soon
Deploy Small Hydropower
Coming Soon
Deploy Utility-Scale Hydropower
Coming Soon
Increase Decentralized Composting
Coming Soon
Boost Whale Restoration
Coming Soon
Improve Fuel-Burning Cooking Equipment
Coming Soon
Deploy Bioelectricity With Carbon Capture & Storage
Coming Soon
Deploy Advanced Biofuels
Coming Soon
Improve Routing & Logistics
Coming Soon
Deploy Leaf Protein Concentrates
Coming Soon
Produce Bio Bricks
Coming Soon
Produce Bio Oils
Coming Soon
Use Methane Removal
Coming Soon
Use Nitrous Oxide Removal
Coming Soon
Action Solution Solution Classification Mode Sector Cluster Adoption Unit Effectiveness t CO₂‑eq (100-yr)/unit Adoption Current Adoption Achievable Range GHG Impact Gt CO₂-eq (100‑yr)/yr Cost US$ per t CO₂‑eq Climate Pollutants Mitigated Speed of Action Additional Benefits
Deploy Alternative Insulation Materials Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Buildings & Industry Improve Materials

insulation units of 100 m² and 1 m²·K/W

1.59 1.4×10⁷/yr 2.9×10⁷ to 7.3×10⁷/yr 0.05 to 0.12 -121.00

CO₂, F-gas

Emergency Brake
Deploy Alternative Refrigerants Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Buildings & Industry Improve Materials

kt high-GWP refrigerant phased out

460,000/yr 440 5,500 to 5,900 2.50 to 2.70 50.00

F-gases

Emergency Brake
Improve Annual Cropping Highly Recommended Cut Emissions, Remove Carbon FALO & Nature-Based Carbon Removal Shift Agriculture Practices

ha cropland

1.8/yr 2.674×10⁸ 3.317×10⁸ to 7.0×10⁸ 0.43 to 1.09 47.80

CO₂ , N₂O

Delayed
Increase Carpooling Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Transportation Shift to Alternatives

million pkm avoided

54.71 0/yr 4.638×10⁶ to 1.752×10⁷/yr 0.25 to 0.96 -3119.00

CO₂ , CH₄, N₂O

Gradual
Improve Cement Production: Clinker substitution Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Industry, Materials & Waste Improve Materials

Mt clinker avoided

690,000 980/yr 1,000 to 2,000/yr 0.70 to 1.00 -30.00

CO₂

Gradual
Improve Cement Production: Alternative fuels Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Industry, Materials & Waste Improve Materials

Mt cement produced using alternative fuels

96,000 300/yr 610 to 2,000/yr 0.06 to 0.20 -50.00

CO₂

Gradual
Improve Cement Production: Efficiency upgrades Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Industry, Materials & Waste Improve Materials

GJ thermal energy input reduced from current levels/yr

0.085 0/yr 8.86×10⁸ to 1.18×10⁹/yr 0.08 to 0.10 -60.00

CO₂

Gradual
Increase Centralized Composting Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Industry, Materials & Waste Use Waste as a Resource

t organic waste

3.9 7.8×10⁷/yr 2.009×10⁸ to 3.01×10⁸/yr 0.78 to 1.20 10.00

CO₂,  CH₄

Emergency Brake
Deploy Clean Cooking Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Buildings Shift Energy Sources

household switching to cleaner cooking

2.3/yr 4.2×10⁸ to 4.2×10⁸ 0.98 to 0.98 27.00

CO₂ , CH₄

Emergency Brake
Manage Coal Mine Methane Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Other Energy Cut Fugitive Emissions

Mt methane abated

2.79×10⁷ 0.59/yr 2.83 to 4.4/yr 0.08 to 0.12 -3.17

CH₄ , N₂O

Emergency Brake
Protect Coastal Wetlands: Mangrove ecosystems Highly Recommended Cut Emissions FALO & Nature-Based Carbon Removal Protect & Manage Ecosystems

ha protected

7.88/yr 2.94×10⁶ 7.85×10⁶ to 1.1×10⁷ 0.06 to 0.09 1.00

CO₂

Emergency Brake
Protect Coastal Wetlands: Salt marsh ecosystems Worthwhile Cut Emissions FALO & Nature-Based Carbon Removal Protect & Manage Ecosystems

ha protected

4.78/yr 1.24×10⁶ 3.75×10⁶ to 5.25×10⁶ 0.02 to 0.03 2.00

CO₂

Emergency Brake
Protect Coastal Wetlands: Seagrass ecosystems Highly Recommended Cut Emissions FALO & Nature-Based Carbon Removal Protect & Manage Ecosystems

ha protected

3.56/yr 3.86×10⁶ 1.57×10⁷ to 2.2×10⁷ 0.06 to 0.08 -6.00

CO₂

Emergency Brake
Improve Diets Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Food, Agriculture, Land & Ocean (FALO) Curb Growing Demands

kg avoided ruminant meat

0.065 0/yr 2.14×10¹⁰ to 4.29×10¹⁰/yr 1.40 to 2.80 -8.54

CO₂, CH₄ , N₂O

Emergency Brake
Deploy Distributed Solar PV Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Electricity Shift Production

MW installed capacity

650/yr 708,000 4.3×10⁶ to 5.3×10⁶ 2.80 to 3.50

CO₂ , CH₄, N₂O, BC

Gradual
Mobilize Electric Bicycles: Private electric bicycles Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Transportation Electrify Vehicles

1,000 electric bicycles

110.5/yr 277,600 421,300 to 1.01×10⁶ 0.05 to 0.11 -1748.00

CO₂ , CH₄, N₂O

Gradual
Mobilize Electric Bicycles: Shared electric bicycles Worthwhile Cut Emissions Transportation Electrify Vehicles

1,000 electric bicycles

14.44/yr 2,000 22,010 to 69,260 0.00 to 0.00 22860.00

CO₂ , CH₄, N₂O, BC

Gradual
Mobilize Electric Cars Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Transportation Electrify Vehicles

million passenger kilometers (million pkm)

48.52 818,900/yr 2.602×10⁷ to 4.731×10⁷/yr 1.26 to 2.30 -1019.00

CO₂ , CH₄, N₂O

Gradual
Reduce Food Loss & Waste Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Food, Agriculture, Land & Ocean (FALO) Curb Growing Demands

t reduced FLW

2.82 4.375×10⁸ to 8.75×10⁸/yr 1.23 to 2.47 -193.99

CO₂ CH₄ , N₂O

Emergency Brake
Restore Forests: Boreal Highly Recommended Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Restore & Manage Ecosystems

ha under restoration

10.21/yr 9.7×10⁶ to 1.46×10⁷ 0.10 to 0.15 53.00

CO₂

Delayed
Protect Forests: Boreal Highly Recommended Cut Emissions, Remove Carbon FALO & Nature-Based Carbon Removal Protect & Manage Ecosystems

ha protected

0.299/yr 4.67×10⁸ 8.47×10⁸ to 8.61×10⁸ 0.25 to 0.26 2.00

CO₂

Emergency Brake
Protect Forests: Temperate Highly Recommended Cut Emissions, Remove Carbon FALO & Nature-Based Carbon Removal Protect & Manage Ecosystems

ha protected

1.403/yr 1.59×10⁸ 2.04×10⁸ to 3.78×10⁸ 0.29 to 0.53 2.00

CO₂

Emergency Brake
Restore Forests: Temperate Highly Recommended Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Restore & Manage Ecosystems

ha under restoration

12.11/yr 9.5×10⁶ to 1.43×10⁷ 0.12 to 0.17 53.00

CO₂

Delayed
Protect Forests: Subtropical Highly Recommended Cut Emissions, Remove Carbon FALO & Nature-Based Carbon Removal Protect & Manage Ecosystems

ha protected

2.204/yr 1.12×10⁸ 1.26×10⁸ to 2.19×10⁸ 0.28 to 0.48 2.00

CO₂

Emergency Brake
Restore Forests: Subtropical Highly Recommended Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Restore & Manage Ecosystems

ha under restoration

11.78/yr 1.7×10⁶ to 2.6×10⁶ 0.02 to 0.03 53.00

CO₂

Delayed
Protect Forests: Tropical Highly Recommended Cut Emissions, Remove Carbon FALO & Nature-Based Carbon Removal Protect & Manage Ecosystems

ha protected

1.489/yr 9.36×10⁸ 1.12×10⁹ to 1.577×10⁹ 1.67 to 2.35 2.00

CO₂

Emergency Brake
Restore Forests: Tropical Highly Recommended Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Restore & Manage Ecosystems

ha under restoration

17.63/yr 2.74×10⁷ to 4.11×10⁷ 0.48 to 0.73 53.00

CO₂

Delayed
Protect Grasslands & Savannas: Boreal Highly Recommended Cut Emissions and Remove Carbon FALO & Nature-Based Carbon Removal Protect & Manage Ecosystems

ha of grassland or savanna protected

0.9/yr 3.386×10⁸ 3.386×10⁸ to 3.731×10⁸ 0.31 to 0.34 -1.58

CO₂,  N₂O

Emergency Brake
Protect Grasslands & Savannas: Temperate Highly Recommended Cut Emissions and Remove Carbon FALO & Nature-Based Carbon Removal Protect & Manage Ecosystems

ha of grassland or savanna protected

0.54/yr 1.722×10⁸ 3.617×10⁸ to 5.064×10⁸ 0.20 to 0.27 -1.58

CO₂,  N₂O

Emergency Brake
Protect Grasslands & Savannas: Subtropical Highly Recommended Cut Emissions and Remove Carbon FALO & Nature-Based Carbon Removal Protect & Manage Ecosystems

ha of grassland or savanna protected

0.13/yr 2.93×10⁸ 3.132×10⁸ to 4.385×10⁸ 0.04 to 0.06 -1.58

CO₂,  N₂O

Emergency Brake
Protect Grasslands & Savannas: Tropical Highly Recommended Cut Emissions and Remove Carbon FALO & Nature-Based Carbon Removal Protect & Manage Ecosystems

ha of grassland or savanna protected

0.06/yr 5.826×10⁸ 5.826×10⁸ to 7.059×10⁸ 0.03 to 0.04 -1.58

CO₂,  N₂O

Emergency Brake
Use Heat Pumps Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Buildings & Electricity Enhance Efficiency, Shift Energy Sources

heat pump systems

0.97/yr 1.3×10⁸ 6.0×10⁸ to 9.6×10⁸ 0.58 to 0.93 -200.00

CO₂ , CH₄, N₂O

Gradual
Mobilize Hybrid Cars Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Transportation Enhance Efficiency

million passenger kilometers (million pkm)

28.97 1.318×10⁶/yr 1.183×10⁷ to 2.957×10⁷/yr 0.34 to 0.86 247.00

CO₂ , N₂O

Gradual
Deploy Industrial Green Hydrogen Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Industry, Materials & Waste Improve Processes

kg of hydrogen produced

0.012/yr 1.3×10⁸/yr 2.6×10¹⁰ to 5.0×10¹⁰/yr 0.31 to 0.60

CO₂ ,CH₄, N₂O

Gradual
Improve Landfill Management: Methane capture Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Industry, Materials & Waste Cut Fugitive Emissions

Mt methane abated

2.79×10⁷ 1.59/yr 4.5 to 34.78/yr 0.13 to 0.97 -6.42

CH₄, N₂O

Emergency Brake
Improve Landfill Management: Biocovers Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Industry, Materials & Waste Cut Fugitive Emissions

Mt methane abated

2.79×10⁷ 0/yr 35.13 to 57.04/yr 0.98 to 1.59 0.47

CH₄, N₂O

Emergency Brake
Deploy LED Lighting Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Electricity Enhance Efficiency

% lamps LED

7.09×10⁶/yr 50.5 87 to 92 0.62 to 0.65 -175.00

CO₂ , CH₄, N₂O

Gradual
Improve Nonmotorized Transportation Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Transportation Shift to Alternatives

million passenger kilometers (million pkm)

115.6 5.556×10⁶/yr 1.236×10⁷ to 1.634×10⁷/yr 1.43 to 1.89 -1771.00

CO₂ , CH₄, N₂O

Gradual
Improve Nutrient Management Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Food, Agriculture, Land & Ocean (FALO) Shift Agriculture Practices

t avoided excess nitrogen application

6 1.045×10⁷/yr 6.985×10⁷ to 9.106×10⁷/yr 0.42 to 0.54 -85.21

N₂O

Gradual
Deploy Offshore Wind Turbines Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Electricity Shift Production

MW installed capacity

1,900/yr 73,000 1.0×10⁶ to 1.6×10⁶ 1.90 to 3.04

CO₂ , CH₄, N₂O

Gradual
Manage Oil & Gas Methane Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Other Energy Cut Fugitive Emissions

Mt methane abated

2.79×10⁷ 3.26 to 8.84/yr 0.09 to 0.25 -6.20

CH₄, N₂O

Emergency Brake
Deploy Onshore Wind Turbines Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Electricity Shift Production

MW installed capacity

1,700/yr 940,000 3.2×10⁶ to 4.4×10⁶ 5.40 to 7.50

CO₂ , CH₄, N₂O

Gradual
Protect Peatlands: Boreal Highly Recommended Cut Emissions and Remove Carbon FALO & Nature-Based Carbon Removal Protect & Manage Ecosystems

ha protected

0.92/yr 5.4×10⁷ 1.99×10⁸ to 2.55×10⁸ 0.18 to 0.24 0.25

CO₂ , CH₄, N₂O

Emergency Brake
Protect Peatlands: Temperate Highly Recommended Cut Emissions and Remove Carbon FALO & Nature-Based Carbon Removal Protect & Manage Ecosystems

ha protected

4.42/yr 1.3×10⁷ 1.8×10⁷ to 2.4×10⁷ 0.08 to 0.11 0.25

CO₂ , CH₄, N₂O

Emergency Brake
Protect Peatlands: Subtropical Highly Recommended Cut Emissions and Remove Carbon FALO & Nature-Based Carbon Removal Protect & Manage Ecosystems

ha protected

13.47/yr 3.0×10⁶ 9.0×10⁶ to 1.1×10⁷ 0.12 to 0.15 0.25

CO₂ , CH₄, N₂O

Emergency Brake
Protect Peatlands: Tropical Highly Recommended Cut Emissions and Remove Carbon FALO & Nature-Based Carbon Removal Protect & Manage Ecosystems

ha protected

13.23/yr 3.5×10⁷ 7.2×10⁷ to 9.2×10⁷ 0.95 to 1.22 0.25

CO₂ , CH₄, N₂O

Emergency Brake
Enhance Public Transit Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Transportation Shift to Alternatives

million passenger kilometers (million pkm)

58.27 6.784×10⁶/yr 1.203×10⁷ to 1.767×10⁷/yr 0.70 to 1.03 -3300.00

CO₂ , CH₄, N₂O

Gradual
Increase Recycling: Metals Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Industry, Materials & Waste Use Waste as a Resource

Mt recycled

1.48×10⁶ 740/yr 1,300 to 1,400/yr 1.90 to 2.10 -100.00

CO₂ , CH₄

Gradual
Increase Recycling: Paper and Cardboard Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Industry, Materials & Waste Use Waste as a Resource

Mt recycled

1.0×10⁶ 160/yr 220 to 260/yr 0.22 to 0.26 -400.00

CO₂ , CH₄

Gradual
Increase Recycling: Plastics Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Industry, Materials & Waste Use Waste as a Resource

Mt recycled

2.0×10⁶ 35.9/yr 45 to 54/yr 0.09 to 0.10 -4.00

CO₂ , CH₄

Gradual
Increase Recycling: Glass Worthwhile Cut Emissions Industry, Materials & Waste Use Waste as a Resource

Mt recycled

79,000 27/yr 36 to 48/yr 0.00 to 0.00 9000.00

CO₂ , CH₄

Gradual
Improve Rice Production Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Food, Agriculture, Land & Ocean (FALO) Shift Agriculture Practices

ha rice paddies

2.03/yr 4.865×10⁷ 4.956×10⁷ to 7.753×10⁷ 0.10 to 0.16 -175.00

CH₄ , N₂O

Emergency Brake
Protect Seaweed Ecosystems Highly Recommended Cut Emissions and Remove Carbon FALO & Nature-Based Carbon Removal Protect & Manage Ecosystems

ha of seaweed ecosystem protected

0.32/yr 7.88×10⁷ 2.163×10⁸ to 3.029×10⁸ 0.07 to 0.10 -72.00

CO₂

Emergency Brake
Deploy Silvopasture Highly Recommended Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Shift Agriculture Practices

ha converted from grazing land to silvopasture

9.81/yr 1.414×10⁸ 1.47×10⁸ to 2.063×10⁸ 0.40 to 0.98 43.25

CO₂

Delayed
Deploy Utility-Scale Solar PV Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Electricity Shift Production

MW installed capacity

760 918,000/yr 1.2×10⁷ to 1.5×10⁷/yr 9.20 to 11.00

CO₂ , CH₄, N₂O

Gradual
Improve Windows & Glass Highly Recommended Cut Emissions Buildings & Electricity Enhance Efficiency

m2 windows minimum double-glazed

0.065/yr 1.99×10¹⁰ 3.29×10¹⁰ to 4.0×10¹⁰ 2.10 to 2.60 -123.00

CO₂ , CH₄, N₂O

Gradual
Boost Appliance & Equipment Efficiency Worthwhile Cut Emissions Buildings & Electricity Enhance Efficiency
    Improve Aquaculture Worthwhile Cut Emissions Food, Agriculture, Land & Ocean (FALO) Shift Agriculture Practices
      Deploy Cool Roofs Worthwhile Cut Emissions Electricity Enhance Efficiency
        Deploy Electric Irrigation Pumps Worthwhile Cut Emissions Food, Agriculture, Land & Ocean (FALO) Fuel Switching
          Improve Fishing Vessel Efficiency Worthwhile Cut Emissions Transportation Enhance Efficiency
            Restore Grasslands & Savannas Worthwhile Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Restore & Manage Ecosystems
              Deploy Green Roofs Worthwhile Cut Emissions Buildings & Electricity Enhance Efficiency
                Use Low-Flow Fixtures Worthwhile Cut Emissions Buildings & Electricity Enhance Efficiency
                  Restore Mangrove Ecosystems Worthwhile Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Restore & Manage Ecosystems
                    Improve Manure Management Worthwhile Cut Emissions Food, Agriculture, Land & Ocean (FALO) Shift Agriculture Practices
                      Reduce Overfishing Worthwhile Cut Emissions Food, Agriculture, Land & Ocean (FALO) Protect & Manage Ecosystems
                        Restore Salt Marsh Ecosystems Worthwhile Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Restore & Manage Ecosystems
                          Protect Seafloors Worthwhile Cut Emissions and Remove Carbon Food, Agriculture, Land & Ocean (FALO) Protect & Manage Ecosystems
                            Restore Seagrass Ecosystems Worthwhile Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Restore & Manage Ecosystems
                              Restore Seaweed Ecosystems Worthwhile Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Restore & Manage Ecosystems
                                Deploy Advanced Geothermal Energy Keep Watching Cut Emissions Electricity Shift Production
                                  Reduce Airplane Contrails Keep Watching Other Transportation Solar Radiation Management
                                    Deploy Alternative Grazing Keep Watching Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Shift Agriculture Practices
                                      Advance Cultivated Meat Keep Watching Cut Emissions Food, Agriculture, Land & Ocean (FALO) Curb Growing Demands
                                        Deploy District Cooling Keep Watching Cut Emissions Electricity Enhance Efficiency
                                          Improve District Heating: Industry Keep Watching Cut Emissions Industry, Materials & Waste Shift Production
                                            Deploy Enhanced Rock Weathering Keep Watching Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Manipulate Biogeochemical Cycles
                                              Use Feed Additives Keep Watching Cut Emissions Food, Agriculture, Land & Ocean (FALO) Shift Agriculture Practices
                                                Reduce Grazing Intensity Keep Watching Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Shift Agriculture Practices
                                                  Mobilize Green Hydrogen for Aviation and Trucking Keep Watching Cut Emissions Transportation Fuel Switching
                                                    Improve Irrigation Water Use Efficiency Keep Watching Cut Emissions Food, Agriculture, Land & Ocean (FALO) Shift Agriculture Practices
                                                      Restore Large Herbivores Keep Watching Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Restore & Manage Ecosystems
                                                        Deploy Methane Digesters Keep Watching Cut Emissions Industry, Materials & Waste Use Waste as a Resource
                                                          Deploy Micro Wind Turbines Keep Watching Cut Emissions Electricity Shift Production
                                                            Deploy Nuclear Fusion Keep Watching Cut Emissions Electricity Shift Production
                                                              Deploy Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement Keep Watching Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Manipulate Biogeochemical Cycles
                                                                Deploy Ocean Electrochemistry Keep Watching Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Manipulate Biogeochemical Cycles
                                                                  Deploy Plastic Alternatives / Bioplastics Keep Watching Cut Emissions Industry, Materials & Waste Improve Materials
                                                                    Improve Ruminant Breeding Keep Watching Cut Emissions Food, Agriculture, Land & Ocean (FALO) Shift Agriculture Practices
                                                                      Deploy Seaweed Farming for Food Keep Watching Cut Emissions Food, Agriculture, Land & Ocean (FALO) Curb Growing Demands
                                                                        Deploy Small Modular Nuclear Reactors Keep Watching Cut Emissions Electricity Shift Production
                                                                          Improve Steel Production Keep Watching Cut Emissions Industry, Materials & Waste Improve Materials, Shift Energy Sources
                                                                            Deploy Sustainable Aviation Fuel Keep Watching Cut Emissions Transportation Fuel Switching
                                                                              Deploy Artificial Upwelling Not Recommended Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Manipulate Biogeochemical Cycles
                                                                                Produce Blue Hydrogen Not Recommended Cut Emissions Industry, Materials & Waste Improve Processes
                                                                                  Use Carbon Capture & Storage on Fossil Fuel Power Plants Not Recommended Cut Emissions Electricity Shift Production
                                                                                    Use Corn Ethanol Not Recommended Cut Emissions Transportation Fuel Switching
                                                                                      Deploy Direct Air Capture Not Recommended Remove Carbon Industrial Carbon Removal Carbon Removal & Storage
                                                                                        Deploy Grass-Finished Beef Not Recommended Cut Emissions Food, Agriculture, Land & Ocean (FALO) Shift Agriculture Practices
                                                                                          Deploy Insect Farming for Food and Feed Not Recommended Cut Emissions Food, Agriculture, Land & Ocean (FALO) Curb Growing Demands
                                                                                            Expand Livestock Grazing Not Recommended Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Shift Agriculture Practices
                                                                                              Deploy Ocean Biomass Sinking Not Recommended Cut Emissions and Remove Carbon, Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Biomass Carbon Removal & Storage
                                                                                                Deploy Ocean Fertilization Not Recommended Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Manipulate Biogeochemical Cycles
                                                                                                  Deploy Stratospheric Aerosol Injection Not Recommended Other Geoengineering Solar Radiation Management
                                                                                                    Deploy Vertical Farms Not Recommended Cut Emissions Food, Agriculture, Land & Ocean (FALO) Shift Agriculture Practices
                                                                                                      Deploy Waste to Energy Not Recommended Cut Emissions Electricity & Industry Shift Production, Use Waste as a Resource
                                                                                                        Increase Urban Trees Coming Soon Buildings & Electricity Enhance Efficiency
                                                                                                          Restore Abandoned Farmland Coming Soon Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Use Degraded Land
                                                                                                            Deploy Agrivoltaics Coming Soon Cut Emissions Electricity Shift Production
                                                                                                              Deploy Agroforestry: Trees on Cropland Coming Soon Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Shift Agriculture Practices
                                                                                                                Deploy Agroforestry: Multi-strata Coming Soon Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Shift Agriculture Practices
                                                                                                                  Improve Aviation Efficiency Coming Soon Cut Emissions Transportation Enhance Efficiency
                                                                                                                    Produce Biochar Coming Soon Remove Carbon Industrial Carbon Removal Biomass Carbon Removal & Storage
                                                                                                                      Deploy Biomass Crops on Degraded Land Coming Soon Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Use Degraded Land
                                                                                                                        Improve Building Envelopes Coming Soon Cut Emissions Buildings & Electricity Enhance Efficiency
                                                                                                                          Automate Building Systems Coming Soon Cut Emissions Buildings & Electricity Enhance Efficiency
                                                                                                                            Deploy Concentrated Solar Coming Soon Cut Emissions Electricity Shift Production
                                                                                                                              Reduce Crop Residue Burning Coming Soon Cut Emissions Food, Agriculture, Land & Ocean (FALO) Shift Agriculture Practices 0.34 8.5×10⁷ to 2.87×10⁸/yr 0.11 to 0.39 -10.20

                                                                                                                              CO₂,  CH₄ N₂O BC

                                                                                                                              Emergency Brake
                                                                                                                              Improve District Heating: Buildings Coming Soon Cut Emissions Buildings & Electricity Enhance Efficiency
                                                                                                                                Mobilize Electric Buses Coming Soon Cut Emissions Transportation Fuel Switching
                                                                                                                                  Mobilize Electric Scooters & Motorcycles Coming Soon Cut Emissions Transportation Electrify Vehicles, Fuel Switching
                                                                                                                                    Mobilize Electric Trains Coming Soon Cut Emissions Transportation Electrify Vehicles, Fuel Switching
                                                                                                                                      Mobilize Electric Trucks Coming Soon Cut Emissions Transportation Electrify Vehicles, Fuel Switching
                                                                                                                                        Improve Forest Management: Sustainable Forest Management Coming Soon Cut Emissions Food, Agriculture, Land & Ocean (FALO) Protect & Manage Ecosystems
                                                                                                                                          Improve Forest Management: Integrated Fire Management Coming Soon Cut Emissions Food, Agriculture, Land & Ocean (FALO) Protect & Manage Ecosystems
                                                                                                                                            Deploy Geothermal Power Coming Soon Cut Emissions Electricity Shift Production
                                                                                                                                              Improve Grid Efficiency Coming Soon Cut Emissions Electricity Improve Electrical System
                                                                                                                                                Enhance High-Speed Rail Coming Soon Cut Emissions Transportation Shift to Alternatives
                                                                                                                                                  Boost Industrial Efficiency Coming Soon Cut Emissions Electricity & Industry Enhance Efficiency
                                                                                                                                                    Increase Industrial Electrification Coming Soon Cut Emissions Industry, Materials & Waste Improve Processes
                                                                                                                                                      Deploy Low-Emission Industrial Feedstocks Coming Soon Cut Emissions Industry, Materials & Waste Improve Materials
                                                                                                                                                        Deploy Nuclear Power Coming Soon Cut Emissions Electricity Shift Production
                                                                                                                                                          Improve Ocean Shipping Efficiency Coming Soon Cut Emissions Transportation Enhance Efficiency
                                                                                                                                                            Improve Other Building Materials Coming Soon Cut Emissions Industry, Materials & Waste Improve Materials
                                                                                                                                                              Restore Peatlands: Boreal Coming Soon Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Restore & Manage Ecosystems
                                                                                                                                                                Restore Peatlands: Temperate Coming Soon Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Restore & Manage Ecosystems
                                                                                                                                                                  Restore Peatlands: Subtropical Coming Soon Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Restore & Manage Ecosystems
                                                                                                                                                                    Restore Peatlands: Tropical Coming Soon Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Restore & Manage Ecosystems
                                                                                                                                                                      Deploy Perennial Crops Coming Soon Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Shift Agriculture Practices
                                                                                                                                                                        Improve Refrigerant Management Coming Soon Cut Emissions Buildings & Industry Cut Fugitive Emissions
                                                                                                                                                                          Improve Supply Chain Efficiency Coming Soon Cut Emissions Transportation Enhance Efficiency
                                                                                                                                                                            Improve Truck Efficiency Coming Soon Cut Emissions Transportation Enhance Efficiency
                                                                                                                                                                              Hold Virtual Meetings Coming Soon Cut Emissions Transportation Shift to Alternatives
                                                                                                                                                                                Increase Building Deconstruction & Recycling Coming Soon Cut Emissions Buildings & Industry Use Waste as a Resource
                                                                                                                                                                                  Increase Decentralized Composting Coming Soon Cut Emissions Industry, Materials & Waste Use Waste as a Resource
                                                                                                                                                                                    Deploy Electric Cooking Equipment Coming Soon Cut Emissions Buildings & Electricity Shift Energy Sources
                                                                                                                                                                                      Deploy Electric Cooking Equipment Coming Soon Cut Emissions Buildings Shift Energy Sources
                                                                                                                                                                                        Deploy Heat Pump Water Heaters Coming Soon Cut Emissions Buildings Shift Energy Sources
                                                                                                                                                                                          Deplouy Heat Pump Water Heaters Coming Soon Cut Emissions Buildings & Electricity Shift Energy Sources
                                                                                                                                                                                            Deploy Ocean Power Coming Soon Cut Emissions Electricity Shift Production
                                                                                                                                                                                              Deploy Small Hydropower Coming Soon Cut Emissions Electricity Shift Production
                                                                                                                                                                                                Deploy Solar Hot Water Heaters Coming Soon Cut Emissions Buildings Shift Energy Sources
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Deploy Utility-Scale Hydropower Coming Soon Cut Emissions Electricity Shift Production
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Boost Whale Restoration Coming Soon Remove Carbon Nature-Based Carbon Removal Restore & Manage Ecosystems
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Deploy Advanced Biofuels Coming Soon Cut Emissions Transportation Electrify Vehicles, Fuel Switching
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Produce Bio Bricks Coming Soon Remove Carbon Industrial Carbon Removal Biomass Carbon Removal & Storage
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Produce Bio Oils Coming Soon Remove Carbon Industrial Carbon Removal Biomass Carbon Removal & Storage
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Deploy Bioelectricity With Carbon Capture & Storage Coming Soon Cut Emissions Electricity & Industry Shift Production
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Improve Fuel-Burning Cooking Equipment Coming Soon Cut Emissions Buildings Shift Energy Sources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Deploy Leaf Protein Concentrates Coming Soon Cut Emissions Food, Agriculture, Land & Ocean (FALO) Shift Agriculture Practices
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Use Methane Removal Coming Soon Remove Carbon Industrial Carbon Removal Methane Removal
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Use Nitrous Oxide Removal Coming Soon Remove Carbon Industrial Carbon Removal
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Improve Routing & Logistics Coming Soon Transportation Enhance Efficiency
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Achievable – Low to High RangeCurrent Impact
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        GHG Impact, Gt CO₂-eq (100-yr)/yr
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        No items were found matching the selected filters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Buildings
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Shift Energy Sources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.00 0.98 0.98
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Buildings & Industry
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Improve Materials
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.20 2.50 2.70
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Buildings & Electricity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Enhance Efficiency, Shift Energy Sources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.13 0.58 0.93
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Enhance Efficiency
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 1.30 2.10 2.60
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Electricity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Shift Production
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.46 2.80 3.50
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.14 1.90 3.04
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 1.60 5.40 7.50
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.69 9.20 11.00
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Enhance Efficiency
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.36 0.62 0.65
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Industry, Materials & Waste
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Improve Materials
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current not determined 0.08 0.10
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Use Waste as a Resource
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.30 0.78 1.20
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.00 0.00 0.00
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 1.10 1.90 2.10
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.07 0.09 0.10
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Improve Processes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.00 0.31 0.60
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Cut Fugitive Emissions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current not determined 0.98 1.59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Transportation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Shift to Alternatives
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current not determined 0.25 0.96
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.64 1.43 1.89
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.40 0.70 1.03
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Electrify Vehicles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.04 1.26 2.30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Enhance Efficiency
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.04 0.34 0.86
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Other Energy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Cut Fugitive Emissions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.02 0.08 0.12
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current not determined 0.09 0.25
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Food, Agriculture, Land & Ocean (FALO)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Curb Growing Demands
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current not determined 1.40 2.80
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current not determined 1.23 2.47
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Shift Agriculture Practices
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.06 0.42 0.54
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.10 0.10 0.16
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        FALO & Nature-Based Carbon Removal
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Shift Agriculture Practices
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.31 0.43 1.09
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Protect & Manage Ecosystems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.14 0.25 0.26
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.25 0.28 0.48
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.22 0.29 0.53
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 1.39 1.67 2.35
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.31 0.31 0.34
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.05 0.18 0.24
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.04 0.12 0.15
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.06 0.08 0.11
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.46 0.95 1.22
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.03 0.07 0.10
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Nature-Based Carbon Removal
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Restore & Manage Ecosystems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current not determined 0.10 0.15
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current not determined 0.02 0.03
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current not determined 0.12 0.17
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current not determined 0.48 0.73
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Shift Agriculture Practices
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        current 0.35 0.40 0.98